Edited by Allan Nevins

Preface: Brand Whitlock, U.S. Ambassador to Belgium, began keeping a diary during theGerman invasion. The diary spans over twenty notebooks, covering the Great War and its immediate aftermath, focusing on Belgium.The selection in the book ends with Whitlock’s resignation as Ambassador.The diary provides a frank account of the revictualing of Belgium, the suffering of theBelgian people under German occupation, European politics post-Armistice, and Whitlock’s personal growth. Whitlock had a dual view of Belgium: admiration for its cultural heritage and a critical perspective on its modern industrial state.He had limited time to acquaint himself with Belgium before the war, focusing initially on the aristocratic and artistic circles of Brussels.

Chapter I: The German Invasion Germany declared war on Russia on August 1, 1914, and invaded Luxembourg and Belgium shortly after.Belgium refused Germany’s ultimatum to allow troops to pass through, leading to the German invasion on August 4.The Belgian army,under King Albert, made a heroic stand at Liege, delaying theGerman advance.Whitlock describes the mobilization of the Belgian army, the patriotic fervor, and the impact on civilians.The King addressed Parliament, emphasizing national unity and resistance.Whitlock recounts his interactions with various diplomats and the challenges faced by Americans and Germans in Brussels.The fall of Liege and the subsequent German advance are detailed, with Whitlocknoting the bravery of the Belgian soldiers and the suffering of the civilian population.

Overall, the document provides a detailed account of the early days of World War I in Belgium, the German invasion, and the establishment of relief efforts to support theBelgian population. Whitlock’s diary offers insights into the political, social, and humanitarian challenges faced during this period.

D. Appleton-Century Company, Incorporated, 1936, 734 pages